리소스
Technical Research
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How to Write a Closed Loop Water Treatment Report Owners Act On
A closed loop water treatment report needs sampling details, results against limits, trends, a diagnosis and owned actions. Structure and a checklist.
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Replace or Re-Inhibit Loop Glycol? How to Decide From Fluid Tests
Decide whether to replace or re-inhibit closed loop glycol by checking reserve alkalinity, pH, glycol percent, metals and microbes against supplier limits.
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ASTM D7843 MPC varnish test: what it tells you and what not
ASTM D7843 MPC reports varnish potential as Delta E, not deposits already in the system. Read results with temperature history, RULER and RPVOT trends.
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Turbine oil varnish: why it forms while antioxidants remain
Varnish forms when degradation products from hot spots, micro-dieseling or static discharge exceed oil solvency, even with antioxidants left. Here is how.
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Stockholm PCB deadlines 2025 and 2028: what they mean for oil
Stockholm Convention parties aimed to end PCB equipment use by 2025 and manage PCB liquids soundly by 2028. What owners of transformer oil must do now.
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Moisture in transformer paper and oil: how temperature moves it
Warming pushes water from transformer paper into oil and cooling pulls it back slowly, so an oil moisture result shows paper moisture only at equilibrium.
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TSCA PIP (3:1) Rule: What It Means for Phosphate Ester Fluids
Under TSCA, PIP (3:1) hydraulic fluids are allowed only for aviation or military-spec uses. What the 2025 revision changed and what fluid users do now.
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Ester Fluid Failure: How a Hydrostatic Pump Loss Was Traced
A 300 kW ester hydrostatic drive lost its pumps in 12 months. How the published case traced it to loop overheating and fluid oxidation, and what to check.
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FZG Scuffing Test ISO 14635-1: What It Tells You About Gear Oil
ISO 14635-1:2023 (FZG A/8.3/90) finds the load stage at which an oil lets test gears scuff: a relative scuffing ranking, not field life. How to read it.